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Fundamentals

Sudoku pencil marks: track and update candidates

A small note records a possibility. Learn how candidates differ from placements and how to keep them up to date.

View the example grid
Unisu lesson on candidates and notes, showing the explained grid

Candidates are the digits still allowed in an empty cell by the filled numbers in its row, column and box. Writing a candidate does not mean the digit will end up there.

A small example

If those three areas leave only 3 and 5, note both. Later, a certain 3 is placed elsewhere in the same row. Remove 3 from this cell’s notes. If only 5 remains, you have a Naked Single.

Recheck after a move

A placement affects its row, column and box. Update the notes there. A missing possibility can create a false pattern; an outdated note can hide a valid move.

A display is not a proof

A teaching image may show only the digit being discussed. Other hidden candidates have not automatically been eliminated. A technique depends on the actual candidate state. The candidates-and-notes lesson in Unisu gives you practice in adding and updating notes.

Frequently asked questions

Are small notes already answers?

No. They show possibilities for an empty cell. A justified placement is what fixes its value.

Which digits can I write as candidates?

Digits still allowed by the entries in that cell’s row, column and box. Remove candidates already ruled out logically.

Should I erase every note after a placement?

No. Update the affected row, column and box. Notes elsewhere remain unless their justification has changed.

Can a missing note create a false Single?

Yes. Forgetting an allowed candidate can make a cell appear unique. Check the complete possibilities before entering its last visible note.

Why do lesson images sometimes show only selected candidates?

They highlight the digits relevant to that step. A note hidden by the illustration has not necessarily been eliminated logically.

Keep practicing in Unisu

Download Unisu for iPhone or Android. Solve a puzzle or work through a guided lesson on the technique.

Example grid

Unisu lesson on candidates and notes, showing the explained grid

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